A NOTE ON THE CONSTITUTION OF GLASS :
THE DEGREE OF ALTERATION OF
THE CONSTITUENT OXIDES |
H. J. ARNIKAR, M.Sc.
Pages : 31-38
DOI : 10.1080/0371750X.1949.10877863 |
Abstract |
After presenting a brief review of our pret>
ent knowledge regarding the constitution of glass
as part I of the paper, the possibility of correlating
the observed deviations from strict additivity
in the physical properties with its constitution is
considered in Part II. Most of the physical properties
of glass such as, density, specific heat,
coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity,
refractivity, modulus of elasticity, etc., can
be calculated if the percentage composition of the
glass is known, and conver~ely one can prescribe
a batch fmmula which would yield a glass of a
required property, within certain limits. Such calculations,
which have become routine operations
in modern glass technology, are basEd on the factors
emperically fixed for the different constituent
oxides for each property that is additive. Winklemann
and Schott, Turner and English, Russ and
others have worked out these fuctor:;; for a number
of such properties. If gla~s were ju1>t a solution
of nonreacting oxide components, thesn
factors may be expected to be identical with the
values of the property of the respectiv,· constituent
oxides. A scrutiny, however, reveals that this
is not generally true, as the factor, F, attibutablc
to a given constituent oxide is either a magnified
or a diminished figure in relation to the actual
value, f, of the property of that constituent, except
only in certain cases. It is suggested in thit>
paper that the quantity (f-F)jf-designated the
relative disparity for a constituent, may be taken
as a rough measure of the degree of alteration, a
of that constituent, defined as the fraction of the
total oxide that has undergone alteration, [(1-,) would represent the proportion remaining unaltered].
Certain results of the new application of
this method, as well as- the lirnitatio~s in its wider
application are considered ip the ~v.d. |
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